If you have a laptop with Intel Wi-Fi, you might notice your internet
stops working the moment you unplug your charger. Usually, the only way
to fix it is to restart the whole computer.
The Problem
The Intel driver (iwlwifi) tries to save battery by
putting your Wi-Fi card to "sleep." Sometimes, the card fails to wake up
properly, causing it to ignore your router. This leads to the
"Authentication Failed" errors you see in your logs.
The Solution: Disable Power Save
You can stop the Wi-Fi card from falling into this "deep sleep" by changing a single setting.
1. Create the configuration file
Open a terminal and create a settings file for your Wi-Fi driver:
sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
2. Add the "Always On" rule
Paste this line into the file:
options iwlwifi power_save=0
(Save and exit by pressing Ctrl+O, Enter, then Ctrl+X.)
3. Reload the driver (No restart needed)
To make the change work immediately without rebooting your laptop, run these commands to "kick" the driver:
While the fix above works great, it is a "workaround." Here is how you should handle this long-term:
Keep your System Updated: Intel frequently releases "Firmware" updates. Run sudo dnf update regularly. These updates often contain the actual bug fixes that allow power saving to work without crashing.
Remove the Workaround: Once you have updated your kernel and firmware (e.g., a few months from now), try deleting the file you created:
sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
Test it: If the Wi-Fi stays stable on battery after
an update, you no longer need the workaround, and your battery life
will be slightly better with the fix removed.
In most real-world DevOps and IT strategy discussions, only three main approaches are commonly used. While
"Greenfield" and "Brownfield" are the standard industry terms, Bluefield is the only other major contender, especially in large-scale enterprise environments.
The "Big Three" Most Used Approaches
Brownfield (Most Common):
The majority of enterprise projects (~44%) follow this path. It focuses
on upgrading or migrating existing systems with minimal disruption,
retaining legacy data and configurations.
Bluefield (Hybrid):
This selective approach is nearly as popular as Brownfield (~42%) in
complex enterprise migrations. It allows teams to "pick and
choose"—starting fresh with modern architecture (Greenfield) while
selectively migrating high-value data and proven processes from old
systems.
Greenfield:
Used by about 14% of organizations, this is the "clean slate" approach.
It is the standard for startups or new product units that have no
legacy technical debt and want maximum innovation potential.
Summary of Popularity
Approach
Popularity Share
Best For...
Brownfield
~44%
Faster time-to-market and lower risk.
Bluefield
~42%
Complex migrations needing both innovation and legacy data.
Greenfield
~14%
Complete process overhauls and brand-new products.
Note:
Other terms like "Greyfield" or "Whitefield" are rarely used in
standard DevOps practice and are usually confined to niche academic or
real-estate-based metaphors [No primary source cited for high DevOps
usage].
Lindy Effect, which suggests that for non-perishable things like ideas or software, the longer they have already survived, the longer they are likely to continue surviving. Having survived 35 years of massive technological shifts, Linux has proven its resilience.
The Lindy Effect is a mental model and statistical heuristic which suggests that for certain things, life expectancy increases with age.1
While humans, animals, and machines "age" and move closer to death every day, the Lindy Effect describes things that "age in reverse."2
1. What is it?
The core idea is that for non-perishable things—like ideas, books, technologies, or business models—the future life expectancy is proportional to its current age.3
The Rule of Thumb: If a book has been in print for 50 years, it is expected to stay in print for another 50 years.4If it survives another 10 years, its new life expectancy isn't 40 years; it actually increases to 60 years.5
2. Why does it happen?
The Lindy Effect isn't magic; it is a result of survival of the fittest.6
Time as a Filter: Time is the ultimate "stress test."7 If an idea has survived for 2,000 years (like Stoicism), it has survived wars, plagues, technological shifts, and changes in fashion. This suggests it is "robust" or "antifragile"—it possesses a core utility that is not easily rendered obsolete.
Information vs. Matter: Perishable things (like a banana) are made of matter and subject to physical decay (entropy). Non-perishable things (like the concept of a wheel) are informational.8 Information doesn't wear out; it only dies if it becomes irrelevant.
3. Where is it applicable?
You can use the Lindy Effect to judge the "staying power" of various things:
Category
Example of "Lindy" (Likely to Last)
Example of "Non-Lindy" (Likely to Vanish)
Literature
The Odyssey (2,700+ years old)
This week’s #1 Bestseller
Finance
Gold (Used for 5,000+ years)
A 2-year-old "meme" cryptocurrency
Technology
The Hammer (Ancient tool)
A specific VR headset model
Diet
Mediterranean Diet (Centuries old)
The "Raw Water" trend
Social
Religion / Family structures
Modern corporate "culture" fads
4. Can it not exist? (Exceptions)
The Lindy Effect does not apply to anything with a "hard" expiration date or physical mortality.9
Perishables: Humans, pets, and organic food have a biological ceiling.10 A 100-year-old man is less likely to live another 100 years, not more.
Fragile Systems: If a technology relies on a specific, fragile infrastructure (like a proprietary software that depends on one server), it may fail regardless of how long it has been around.
Black Swan Events: A sudden, unprecedented shift can kill something "Lindy."11 For example, the horse and buggy was very "Lindy" for thousands of years until the internal combustion engine created a regime shift.
Survivorship Bias: Just because something is old doesn't guarantee it is good; it just means it hasn't died yet. We must be careful not to ignore the "silent graveyard" of old things that eventually did fail.
How to make use of it in our life?
To make practical use of the Lindy Effect, you should treat it as a noise filter.1In a world obsessed with the "new," Lindy helps you identify what is robust, reliable, and likely to last.2
Here is how you can apply it across different areas of your life:
1. Education & Learning (The "Classic" Filter)3
Stop chasing every new "best-seller" or trending online course. Most of them will be forgotten in two years.
The 80/20 Rule for Books: Spend 80% of your reading time on books that have been in print for at least 20 years. If a book has been relevant for 50 years (like Meditations by Marcus Aurelius), the wisdom inside is "Lindy" and likely to be useful for another 50.4
Focus on Fundamentals: Prioritize learning things that don't change: mathematics, logic, rhetoric, and human psychology. These are thousands of years old and will never be "obsolete."
2. Investing & Business (The "Durability" Filter)
Lindy helps you distinguish between a "fad" and a "fortress."5
Value Investing: Warren Buffett uses this principle by investing in companies like Coca-Cola or American Express.6Because they have survived for over a century, they have proven they can handle wars, depressions, and tech shifts.7
Avoid "Bleeding Edge" Fragility: Be skeptical of new financial products (like specific new crypto tokens). If it's only 2 years old, it hasn't survived a "Lindy" stress test yet.
Bet on the Non-Obvious: Jeff Bezos famously said he builds Amazon on things that won't change in 10 years (customers wanting lower prices and faster delivery).8 These are "Lindy" desires.
3. Technology & Tools (The "Future-Proof" Filter)
New software and gadgets often die quickly.9 To build a "Lindy-proof" workflow:
Choose Open Formats: Store your important data in .txt or .csv files. These formats have been around since the beginning of computing and will likely be readable 50 years from now, unlike proprietary app formats.
Stable Tech Stacks: If you are a developer, choosing a "boring" but established language like C or SQL is a Lindy move. They have lasted decades and are more likely to be relevant in 2040 than the "hottest" framework released last month.
4. Health & Lifestyle (The "Ancestral" Filter)
If humans have been doing something for 10,000 years, it’s likely safer than something we started doing 10 years ago.
Diet: Natural foods like honey, wine, olive oil, and fermented bread are Lindy. Highly processed lab-grown meat or chemical sweeteners are not—they haven't been "vetted" by time yet.
Habits: Walking, fasting, and weightlifting have existed for millennia. They are more likely to be "correct" than a specific new 7-minute vibrating-plate exercise fad.
Summary Checklist:
When faced with a choice, ask yourself:
Is this a non-perishable (an idea, a tool, a habit)?
How long has it already existed?
Has it survived major "shocks" (wars, crashes, tech revolutions)?
If the answer to #3 is "yes," it is likely a safe bet for your time and money.
